Because no single breeder blanket can simultaneously maximize tritium breeding, transfer heat efficiently, and maintain long-term structural resilience, multiple design pathways have emerged. The leading concepts, solid ceramic breeders, liquid metal systems, and...

Breeder Blankets: Engineering Lithium into Tritium Breeder Blankets (BBs) are essential in maintaining the fusion fuel cycle: they transform high-energy neutrons from the plasma into tritium fuel which enables a self-sustaining reaction. While lithium purity...

Fusion reactors rely on high-purity lithium to generate tritium, the fuel that sustains deuterium–tritium (D-T) reactions. Owing to the scarcity of tritium, lithium breeder blankets (Figure 1) are employed to surround the plasma and capture high-energy neutrons. This...

Securing Fusion’s Future: Why Lithium MattersFusion energy is moving toward demonstration as early as 2030s, but its success depends on access to fusion-grade lithium. To sustain fusion reactions and generate tritium fuel, reactors will rely on lithium breeder...